Drone Verbiage and Terminology for Dummies!

Navigating the world of drone technology can often feel like deciphering a complex web of jargon and technical terms. Sometimes, you may be talking to a drone pilot and they start using words and verbiage that sound like another language! With the rapid advancements and diverse applications of drones, it's easy to get lost in a sea of verbiage that can be overwhelming for both newcomers and seasoned professionals alike.

To help you make sense of it all, we've put together a comprehensive list of 25 commonly used terms that break down the key terminology, explains their practical applications, and provides relatable examples. Whether you're looking to understand the basics or deepen your expertise, this guide will serve as your go-to resource for demystifying the language of drones!

1. Orthomosaic

Definition: An orthomosaic is a high-resolution aerial image created by stitching together multiple photos taken by a drone. These images are geometrically corrected to provide a true-to-scale map.

Application: Used in surveying and mapping, orthomosaics help in planning and monitoring large areas, such as construction sites or agricultural fields.

Example: Imagine a giant jigsaw puzzle of your property, where each piece is a photo that fits perfectly with the others to give you a complete, accurate picture.

2. LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging)

Definition: LiDAR is a remote sensing technology that uses laser light to measure distances. It creates detailed 3D models of the terrain.

Benefits: It provides precise elevation data, making it invaluable for topographical mapping and environmental studies.

Example: Think of LiDAR as a super-accurate tape measure that can map the height and shape of the land, even through dense vegetation.

3. Photogrammetry

Definition: Photogrammetry involves taking measurements from photographs to create 3D models and maps.

Use Cases: Commonly used in construction to monitor progress and in archaeology to document sites.

Example: Imagine using a series of photos to build a 3D puzzle of a building, allowing you to explore it from all angles.

4. FAA Part 107

Definition: This is a certification required by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) for commercial drone operations in the U.S.

Importance: Ensures that drone pilots understand airspace rules and safety regulations, providing peace of mind for clients.

Example: It's like having a driver's license for drones, ensuring that the pilot knows how to operate safely and legally.

5. RTK (Real-Time Kinematic)

Definition: RTK is a GPS correction technology that enhances the precision of location data collected by drones.

Applications: Used in precision agriculture, construction, and surveying where high accuracy is crucial.

Example: Consider RTK as a fine-tuning tool that ensures your drone's GPS data is spot-on, down to the centimeter.

6. UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle)

Definition: UAVs, commonly known as drones, are aircraft without a human pilot on board, controlled remotely or autonomously by onboard computers. This is also interchangeable with UAS (Unmanned Aerial System) which is #23 on this list.

Applications: Used across industries like agriculture for crop monitoring, in media for aerial photography, and in logistics for package delivery.

Example: Think of a UAV as a flying robot that can be programmed to capture stunning aerial shots or deliver packages right to your doorstep.

7. BVLOS (Beyond Visual Line of Sight)

Definition: BVLOS refers to drone operations where the pilot cannot see the drone with the naked eye.

Applications: Essential for tasks like pipeline inspections, large-scale agricultural monitoring, and search and rescue operations where covering vast areas is necessary.

Example: Imagine sending a drone far beyond your line of sight to inspect a remote pipeline, ensuring operational safety without needing to be physically present.

8. Gimbal

Definition: A gimbal is a pivoted support that allows the rotation of an object about a single axis, often used to stabilize cameras on drones.

Applications: Ensures smooth footage in aerial videography, even when the drone is in motion or facing windy conditions.

Example: Picture a handheld stabilizer for your camera, but attached to a drone, keeping your footage silky smooth as it soars through the sky.

9. Waypoint Navigation

Definition: A method of controlling a drone by setting predefined points in space that it will follow autonomously.

Applications: Used in mapping and surveying to cover large areas systematically and in filmmaking for precise shot planning.

Example: It's like setting a GPS route for your drone, allowing it to fly on autopilot while you focus on capturing the perfect shot.

10. Payload

Definition: The payload refers to the weight a drone can carry, including cameras, sensors, and other equipment.

Applications: Critical for determining what equipment can be mounted on a drone, impacting its flight time and capabilities.

Example: Imagine a delivery drone carrying a small package to your house; the package is its payload, and it must be light enough for the drone to handle.

11. Thermal Imaging

Definition: Thermal imaging captures infrared images to detect heat patterns, useful in various inspection and monitoring tasks.

Applications: Used in building inspections to find heat leaks, in agriculture to monitor plant health, and in search and rescue to locate people.

Example: Think of thermal imaging as a special pair of glasses that lets you see heat, helping you spot problems invisible to the naked eye.

12. Geofencing

Definition: Geofencing involves setting virtual boundaries around a geographical area, restricting drone operations outside these limits.

Applications: Enhances safety by preventing drones from entering restricted areas like airports or sensitive sites.

Example: Imagine an invisible fence in the sky that keeps your drone from flying into no-fly zones or private properties.

13. GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System)

Definition: A satellite system that provides geospatial positioning with global coverage.

Applications: Used in drones for navigation and precise positioning, essential for mapping and surveying tasks.

Example: GNSS acts like a global compass for drones, ensuring they know exactly where they are at all times.

14. FPV (First Person View)

Definition: A method of controlling a drone using a live video feed from the drone's camera, displayed on goggles or a screen.

Applications: Popular in drone racing and for capturing immersive aerial footage.

Example: FPV is like sitting in the cockpit of your drone, giving you a bird's-eye view of the world as you fly.

15. Telemetry

Definition: The automatic recording and transmission of data from the drone to the pilot's remote control or ground station.

Applications: Provides real-time data on drone status, including battery life, altitude, and speed.

Example: Telemetry is like a health monitor for your drone, keeping you informed of its vital stats during flight.

16. VLOS (Visual Line of Sight)

Definition: A requirement that the drone must be visible to the pilot without the use of visual aids.

Applications: Ensures safe operation by keeping the drone within the pilot's direct view.

Example: VLOS is like flying a kite; you need to keep it within sight to ensure control.

17. Failsafe

Definition: A safety feature that triggers specific actions if the drone loses connection with the remote control.

Applications: Helps prevent crashes by returning the drone to a safe location or landing it automatically.

Example: Failsafe is like a safety net for your drone, catching it when things go wrong.

18. RTH (Return to Home)

Definition: A feature that automatically returns the drone to its takeoff point.

Applications: Used in emergencies or when the battery is low to ensure the drone's safe return.

Example: RTH is like a homing pigeon, instinctively finding its way back home.

19. Cloud Point Data

Definition: A set of data points in a coordinate system representing the external surface of an object.

Applications: Used in creating 3D models and maps from LiDAR and photogrammetry data.

Example: Cloud point data is like a digital sculpture, capturing every detail of a landscape in 3D.

20. GIS (Geographic Information System)

Definition: A system designed to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, manage, and present spatial or geographic data.

Applications: Used in urban planning, environmental management, and resource allocation.

Example: GIS is like a digital mapmaker, layering data to reveal insights about the world.

21. Obstacle Avoidance

Definition: A technology that uses sensors to detect and avoid obstacles in the drone's path.

Applications: Enhances safety by preventing collisions during flight.

Example: Obstacle avoidance is like having a sixth sense, helping your drone navigate safely around obstacles.

22. Payload Capacity

Definition: The maximum weight a drone can carry, including sensors, cameras, and other equipment. The difference between Payload and Payload Capacity is the weight of what is attached to the drone (Payload) versus how much the drone can weigh and still lift off the ground (Payload Capacity).

Applications: Determines the types of missions a drone can undertake, from photography to delivery.

Example: Payload capacity is like a backpack limit, dictating how much gear your drone can haul.

23. UAS (Unmanned Aircraft System)

Definition: The complete system comprising the UAV, control station, and any other associated elements.

Applications: Encompasses all components necessary for drone operation, from the aircraft to the software.

Example: UAS is like the entire ecosystem of a drone, including everything needed to fly and control it.

24. Remote ID

Definition: A system that allows drones to broadcast identification and location information during flight.

Applications: Enhances airspace safety by providing real-time data on drone activity to authorities and other airspace users.

Example: Remote ID is like a digital license plate for drones, making them identifiable and trackable in the sky.

25. PPK (Post Processed Kinematic)

Definition: PPK is a GPS correction method similar to RTK, but instead of real-time corrections, the data is processed after the flight to achieve high accuracy.

Applications: Used in surveying and mapping where precise geolocation data is required, but real-time processing isn't necessary or feasible.

Example: Think of PPK as a way to refine your drone's GPS data after the fact, like adjusting the focus on a photo to ensure every detail is crystal clear. This method allows for greater flexibility, as it doesn't rely on a constant connection to a base station during the flight.

Conclusion:

As we wrap up this exploration into the intricate world of drone technology, we hope this guide has provided you with valuable insights and a clearer understanding of the terms and concepts that shape the industry. Whether you're using drones for business, research, or recreation, having this foundational knowledge empowers you to make the most of what these incredible machines have to offer. Keep this guide handy as you navigate your drone journey, and remember that the sky is not the limit—it's just the beginning. Stay curious, keep learning, and continue to explore the endless possibilities that drones can bring to your projects and passions. Happy flying!